DOI: 10.12890/2022_003605
Recurrent Episodes of Hypokalaemia during Treatment with Inhaled Beta-2 Agonist Revealing Gitelman Syndrome, an Uncommon Clinical Entity
Authors
noellorenzo@gmail.com
Keywords
Hypokalemia, metabolic alcalosis, Gitelman syndromeAbstract
A 28-year-old female patient was hospitalized for mild–moderate hypokalaemia which was persistent despite discontinuation of beta-2 agonist bronchodilator treatment. Her past medical history was relevant for two episodes of severe hypokalaemia after active inhaled beta-2 agonist treatment for asthma crisis. Investigations revealed increased potassium in spot urine with a transtubular potassium gradient <4. A 24-hour urine analysis showed hypophosphaturia, hypocalciuria, hypomagnesuria and normal urine prostaglandins in favour of Gitelman syndrome. Oral potassium supplementation was started and genetic studies were recommended.
References
- Knoers NV, Levtchenko EN. Gitelman syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2008;3:22.
- Grillone T, Menniti M, Bombardiere F, Vismara MF, Belviso S, Fabiani F, et al. New SLC12A3 disease causative mutation of Gitelman's syndrome.World J Nephrol 2016 Nov 6;5(6):551–555. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i6.551
- Molina A, Mon C, Oliet A, Ortiz M. Variabilidad clínica del síndrome de Gitelman. Nefrologia 2006;26:504–506.
- Yeh FC, Chiang WF, Wang CC, Lin SH. Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis triggered by B2-adrenergic bronchodilators. CJEM 2014 May;16(3):247–251.
- Al Shibli A, Narchi H. Bartter and Gitelman syndromes: spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by different mutations. World J Methodol 2015;5:55–61.