Investigating Febrile Polyserositis: An Unusual Case of Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

Inês Rueff Rato; Joana Rigor; Paula Ferreira; Joana Laranjinha; Gualter Santos Silva; Daniela Martins-Mendes

doi:10.12890/2021_002426

Inês Rueff Rato
Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Porto, Portugal
Joana Rigor
Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Porto, Portugal
Paula Ferreira
Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Porto, Portugal
Joana Laranjinha
Infectious Diseases, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Porto, Portugal
Gualter Santos Silva
Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Porto, Portugal
Daniela Martins-Mendes
nternal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Porto, Portugal; Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation of Porto University, Porto, Portugal

Keywords

Hypereosinophilic syndrome, polyserositis, eosinophilic alveolitis, eosinophilic pleurisy, eosinophilic pericarditis

Abstract

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a heterogenous group of diseases characterized by abnormal accumulation of eosinophils in the blood or peripheral tissues. It can affect all organs and therefore clinical manifestations are highly variable. We describe the case of a 38-year-old man admitted for febrile polyserositis. He developed cardiac tamponade requiring pericardiocentesis complicated by left ventricle perforation which was successfully repaired. He presented mild peripheral eosinophilia. Bronchoalveolar lavage evidenced eosinophilic alveolitis, and pleural and pericardium histopathology revealed the presence of abundant eosinophils. All other causes of tissue eosinophilia were excluded and the diagnosis of idiopathic HES was made. The patient was started on glucocorticoids with resolution of symptoms. This case report describes a rare but potentially fatal presentation of HES and demonstrates the difficulty and delay in diagnosis when peripheral hypereosinophilia is absent.

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Published: 2021-04-02
Issue: 2021: Vol 8 No 4 (view)

How to cite:

1.

Rueff Rato I, Rigor J, Ferreira P, Laranjinha J, Santos Silva G, Martins-Mendes D. Investigating Febrile Polyserositis: An Unusual Case of Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. EJCRIM 2021;8 doi:10.12890/2021_002426.

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